♛ HISTORY OF SWEDEN ♛
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History of Sweden- Fourteen thousand years ago, present-day Sweden was covered by a thick ice cap. As the ice retreated, humans came to Sweden. The first known dwelling place, found in southern Sweden, dates from around 12,000 BC.
On the church green in Mora in 1520, Gustav Vasa urged residents
of the town to take up arms and help free Sweden from Danish occupation.
Photograph : Nationalmuseum
❋ War, peace and progress
❋ Vikings and early Christians
❋ Founding of the kingdom
❋ The Hanseatic period
❋ The Kalmar Union
❋ The Vasa period
❋ The Swedish empire
❋ 18th/19th century Sweden
❋ The 20th century – a century of reforms
❋ The postwar era
❋ Foreign policy
❋ New governments
❋ Sweden and the EU presidency
❋ Sweden and the EU presidency
Well-known figures in history✍
Saint Bridget (1303–73)
After being widowed, Bridget (Birgitta in Swedish) made her way to Rome, where she was to live the rest of her life. She undertook several pilgrimages, including to Jerusalem. Bridget was known for her ‘heavenly revelations’, visions and prophetic messages, which she relayed to popes and princes. Bridget was canonised in 1491 and since 2000 has been considered one of Europe’s patron saints.
Alfred Nobel (1833–96)
The inventor, chemist and benefactor received his first patent in 1863 for a method for handling nitroglycerin by mixing it with black powder and lighting the mixture with a fuse. Nobel went on to produce dynamite and other explosives. The Nobel Prizes were a bequest from Nobel for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace.
Dag Hammarskjöld (1905–61)
An economist and government official, Hammarskjöld was appointed UN secretary-general in 1953. He quickly became associated with the strategy of ‘quiet diplomacy’, which in 1955 resulted in the release of American prisoners of war in China. En route to a meeting during the Congo crisis, Hammarskjöld died in a plane crash in northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). The same year, he was posthumously awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Famous Swedish Monarchs ✍
Saint Bridget (1303–73)
After being widowed, Bridget (Birgitta in Swedish) made her way to Rome, where she was to live the rest of her life. She undertook several pilgrimages, including to Jerusalem. Bridget was known for her ‘heavenly revelations’, visions and prophetic messages, which she relayed to popes and princes. Bridget was canonised in 1491 and since 2000 has been considered one of Europe’s patron saints.
Alfred Nobel (1833–96)
The inventor, chemist and benefactor received his first patent in 1863 for a method for handling nitroglycerin by mixing it with black powder and lighting the mixture with a fuse. Nobel went on to produce dynamite and other explosives. The Nobel Prizes were a bequest from Nobel for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace.
Dag Hammarskjöld (1905–61)
An economist and government official, Hammarskjöld was appointed UN secretary-general in 1953. He quickly became associated with the strategy of ‘quiet diplomacy’, which in 1955 resulted in the release of American prisoners of war in China. En route to a meeting during the Congo crisis, Hammarskjöld died in a plane crash in northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). The same year, he was posthumously awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Famous Swedish Monarchs ✍
Gustav II Adolf (1611-1632)
By intervening in the Thirty Years’ War, Gustav II Adolf came to assume great political importance, and internationally is the best known of Sweden’s kings. Under his rule, Sweden became a leading military power. Gustav II Adolf was killed in 1632 at the Battle of Lützen.
Kristina (1632-1654)
Excepting the short caretaker government of Queen Ulrika Eleonora 1719–20, Kristina is the only female monarch of the modern Swedish kingdom. She succeeded Gustav II Adolf in 1632, just before her sixth birthday, and ruled for 22 years. Kristina abdicated in 1654, converting to Catholicism and settling in Rome, and was succeeded by her cousin, Karl Gustav. When he died in 1660, she traveled to Sweden in the hope of reclaiming the throne. Her claim was rejected by parliament, however, and Kristina returned to Rome.
Gustav III (1771-1792)
Usually called the Theatre King, Gustav III was a keen patron of the arts, and founded the first opera in Stockholm in 1782, the Swedish Academy and the Royal Academy of Music. His reign was not popular with the high nobility, however, and opposition culminated in a conspiracy in 1792, when he was shot at a masked ball held at the opera. He died shortly after.
More to Read Click this ☞: History Of Sweden and http://sweden.se/
By intervening in the Thirty Years’ War, Gustav II Adolf came to assume great political importance, and internationally is the best known of Sweden’s kings. Under his rule, Sweden became a leading military power. Gustav II Adolf was killed in 1632 at the Battle of Lützen.
Kristina (1632-1654)
Excepting the short caretaker government of Queen Ulrika Eleonora 1719–20, Kristina is the only female monarch of the modern Swedish kingdom. She succeeded Gustav II Adolf in 1632, just before her sixth birthday, and ruled for 22 years. Kristina abdicated in 1654, converting to Catholicism and settling in Rome, and was succeeded by her cousin, Karl Gustav. When he died in 1660, she traveled to Sweden in the hope of reclaiming the throne. Her claim was rejected by parliament, however, and Kristina returned to Rome.
Gustav III (1771-1792)
Usually called the Theatre King, Gustav III was a keen patron of the arts, and founded the first opera in Stockholm in 1782, the Swedish Academy and the Royal Academy of Music. His reign was not popular with the high nobility, however, and opposition culminated in a conspiracy in 1792, when he was shot at a masked ball held at the opera. He died shortly after.
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| On 3 September 1967, Sweden switched from driving on the left-hand side of the road to the right. The result was chaos in the streets. Photo: Leif Engberg/Scanpix The ship that surfaced after 300 years ✍  Mementos in stone There are more than 2,500 rune stones in Sweden, with messages dating from the 5th century to the mid-12th century, making them the oldest preserved Swedish documents. Relatives often had stones erected in memory of a dead family member, many of them alongside roads, bridges or meeting places where they could be seen and read by many. The Sámi in Sweden The first document to mention the Sámi was written almost 2,000 years ago. Inland parts of upper Norrland are known to have been inhabited even longer, however – for close to 10,000 years. The Sámi have had to fight for their rights, and were recognised by the Riksdag as an indigenous people first in 1977. In 1993 the Sámi Parliament was established as both a democratically elected body and a national administrative authority. There are an estimated 20,000 Sámi in Sweden, about 2,500 of whom earn their living from reindeer husbandry. |
More to Read Click this ☞: History Of Sweden and http://sweden.se/
❊ Tack - Salamat Po ❊
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